Authors: Erlet Shaqe*
Published Date: November 06, 2025
Cite: Shaqe, E. (2025). Diffusion of innovation of ret’s renewable energy technsologies in transition economies using diffusion models. (Case for germany and western balkan countries). Crystal Journal of Environmental Science, Innovation & Green Development, 1(1), 01-32.
Abstract
The purpose of this thesis is to highlight how the diffusion of innovative new RET’s renewable energy technologies, such as solar and wind, in Western Balkan countries as transition economies, could have a significant impact on reaching the EU Green Deal energy transition targets of "no net emissions of greenhouse gases by 2050” and the Paris Agreement to cut greenhouse gas emissions (GHG) and transition of these economies to low-carbon development paths [1]. The purpose of this analysis is to present sufficient evidence regarding the reliability and viability of the adapted renewable energy technologies, specifically solar PV and wind technologies. Additionally, it aims to assess the diffusion of innovation in these technologies and predict the extent to which the growth of these innovative technologies is contributing to the achievement of national energy transition objectives for Western Balkan countries.
This thesis will utilize diffusion models dual phase logistic (bi-logistic) and Gompertz for the objective of analysing the adoption and forecasting RET’s wind and solar PV, since it has been shown to be effective in previous research studies [2]. The proposed methodology will be utilized to examine the cumulative capacity (measured in megawatts MW) of renewable energy technologies (RETs) wind and solar PV throughout the previous ten-year period for WB6 and from 1990 for Germany. The utilization diffusion models simulation scenarios will enable the projection of solar PV and wind technologies penetration up until the year 2035 and 2050.
Keywords
Innovation, Diffusion Models, Adoption Rates, Renewable Energy Technologies (RETs), Wind, Solar PV, Western Balkan Energy, S-Curve
Authors: Jorge A. Avila*, Roberto Duran, Rodrigo Rojas, & Jorge A. Avila-Haro
Published Date: October 27, 2025
Cite: Avila, J. A., Duran, R., Rojas, R., & Haro, J. A. A. (2025). Ambience vibration testing (avt) results to estimate the predominant periods of soil motion (ts) and the shear wave velocity profile (vs) as a function of depth in an anthropic soil zone (infills), associated with a section of a new tunnel line of the mexico city metro. Crystal Journal of Environmental Science, Innovation & Green Development, 1(1), 01-09.
Abstract
Results of Ambience Vibration Testing (AVT) measurements in free-field conditions are presented, estimating the predominant soil motion periods (Ts) as well as the shear wave velocity profiles (Vs) as a function of depth, to help address the detected issues in an anthropic soil zone (infills, with a length of 80 meters), over the tunnel layout (approximately 35 meters deep) of the METRO construction project, westward of Mexico City, where differential settlements on the ground surface and potential damage to local residential structures have been observed. A total of 23 triaxial accelerometers were used, strategically located along two walkways (streets) within the area of influence of the interest zone. AVT results show that the estimated Ts periods within the anthropic soil zone do not exhibit significant changes, for practical purposes, with variations between 0.330 and 0.417 seconds, consistent with the expected values for a stiff Lomas-type soil, according to the Earthquake Standards of the RCCM-2023, currently in force in Mexico City. In relation to the estimation of the shear wave velocity (Vs) model as a function of depth, using 60-minute recordings synchronized in time with a GPS, it was corroborated that the soil characteristics are of a stiff type, consistent with the previously shown results of the dominant periods of soil motion (Ts); initially, there is an average thickness of 6 to 9 meters of loosely compacted material (poorly consolidated sediments) with velocities less than 200 m/s, and the shear wave velocity gradually increases as a function of depth, with velocities of 500 and 600 m/s at depths of approximately 40 and 45 meters, respectively.
Keywords
Ambience Vibration Testing (AVT), Shear Wave Velocity (Vs), Predominant Periods of Soil Motion (Ts), Anthropic Soil / Infills, Mexico City Metro, Earthquake Design, Soil Dynamics, Seismic Design
Authors: Abshaev M.T.*, & Abshaev A.M.
Published Date: August 08, 2025
Cite: Abshaev M.T., Abshaev A.M. (2025). Studying the possibilities of creating artificial clouds and rain. Crystal Journal of Environmental Science, Innovation & Green Development, 1(1), 01-23.
Abstract
The paper represents results of experimental and theoretical studies of the possibility of creating artificial clouds and precipitation by stimulating convection based on the following physical principles: 1) heating local areas of the atmospheric surface layer using an artificial aerosol layer that absorbs solar radiation; 2) creating an ascending flow jet along a 30-40-tier garland of black screens raised by a balloon and heated by the sun; 3) vertically directed high-speed jet formation maintained by the heat of water vapor condensation on three types of aerosols with different hygroscopic points. The efficiency of these methods was assessed theoretically and in field experiments. It was shown that the use of the first method requires the creation of an optically dense aerosol layer over an area of about 5-10 sq.km that exists for at least 30 minutes. This requires such large dosages of aerosol compositions that the use of this method is expensive and is acceptable due to atmospheric pollution only in desert areas. Verification of the second method showed its complete futility because the large windage of the screens does not allow lifting a garland of more than 4-5 tiers, even in light wind; secondly, adiabatic cooling and wind drift exclude the formation of a continuous updraft by summing the pulses of the ascending flow created by each tier. Field tests of the jet-aerosol method fueled by condensation heat showed the possibility of creating small clouds and local short-term rains. But these results are significantly lower than theoretically expected. The reason for this is that the air humidity on the days with the experiments was below the hygroscopic point of the two types of aerosols introduced into the updraft at the surface level; secondly, the condensation process is not fast enough to provide energy supply to the updraft during its rise, and the power of the D-30 aircraft engine used is insufficient to overcome the surface inversion layers and the destructive effect of the wind. Based on these results, the use of powerful aerospace engines is proposed as a prospect for developing the jet method to create powerful cumulonimbus clouds. The jet of these engines, rising in the atmosphere, can ensure the formation of a powerful convective cloud, into which a novel core/shell hygroscopic aerosol in the required concentration is introduced using a UAV to accelerate the formation of precipitation at an altitude of 400-500 m.
Keywords
Fresh Water Deficit, Desertification, Artificial Clouds and Rains, Convection Stimulation, Hygroscopic Aerosol, Condensation, Jet Stream, Upward Flows, Field Experiments
Authors: Pravinaben Mangubhai Gamit*
Published Date: April 30, 2025
Cite: Gamit, P. M. (2025). Go Green, Green Innovation for Global. Crystal Journal of Environmental Science, Innovation & Green Development, 1(1), 01-04.
Abstract
‘‘LIVE GREEN THINK GREEN LOVE GREEN’’ Let’s go green together. ‘‘A meter of green is greener than a centimetre” I am in love with this green Earth – Charles lamb. Nowadays, Go Green has becoming an initiative protecting the natural resources for the next generation and protects human health through environmental management and implementation of green ways of life. And live in a eco-friendlier way. I love so much greenery and that why my favourite colour is green from childhood. Greenery change my thoughts of life and my life – style, so I choose this topic go green for global, because when I see the greenery my mood is definitely smile in my face and I will be very happy in my inner life. Many people said that ‘‘Our inner happiness glow our external body and face. Go green is imperative to realize that there is only one Earth and nurturing a symbolic relationship with nature will ensure long- term sustainability leading to enhance people value. we are changing our planet due to unconsciousness of our activities. As the human population continues to grow. technological advancements help to us to consume more natural resources. All industries need energy to run. Everyday. we consume water. food. clothes or any other products. we need electricity to prepare them. This electricity is produced by burning of fossil fuels. In addition, we waste our valuable resources due to lack of go green or 4Rs (Refuse, Reduce, Reuse and Recycle). Environmental science is water abstraction refers to the process of taking water from a natural resources such as a river, lake, spring or ground water. The water is generally pumped. piped or diverted for use in agriculture or industry or for drinking water supply. Agriculture is the mainstay of economic around the world. The livelihood of people does substantially rely on agricultural products, in such economic. Because of intensive nature of today’s agricultural practices, it is happed to be a high input agriculture and costly as well. The imbalanced use of chemical fertilizers, pesticides, edibles and fungicides has led to the development of an alarming situation by polluting soil, edibles and atmosphere. The future of agriculture. especially in developing countries is under threat because of a speedy decline in natural resources particularly the reserves of rock phosphate and fossil fuel. As a result. agriculture at time is not sustainable and is leading towards unwise and unjustified use of non- renewable resources. to cope with this alarming situation a sustainable agricultural approach is we use organic pesticide and organic farming.
Keywords
Green. Tree, Earth Forest, Garden City, Nature
Authors: Richard Murdoch Montgomery*
Published Date: February 28, 2025
Cite: Montgomery, R. M. (2025). Ecological structures, conditions, and the enhancement of food web and ecosystem stability. Crystal Journal of Environmental Science, Innovation & Green Development, 1(1), 01-10.
Abstract
Ecological dynamics are inherently complex, involving nonlinear interactions across multiple scales and life stages. Despite extensive research on population dynamics and food web stability, the phenomenon of “lag interference”—where delays inherent in stage‐structured interactions combine in nontrivial ways to influence overall system dynamics—remains underexplored. In this article, we develop a conceptual framework to examine how ecological structures and conditions foster lag interference, potentially enhancing stability in stage‐structured populations, food webs, and entire ecosystems. Drawing on delay differential equation theory, structured matrix models, and food web network analyses, we review the conditions under which demographic delays (e.g., maturation times, reproduction lags) interact to dampen oscillations and mitigate destabilizing feedback loops. We also highlight how spatial heterogeneity, network topology, and the strength of coupling between life stages modulate lag interference. Finally, we discuss future research directions that integrate empirical and theoretical approaches to test these ideas and refine our understanding of ecosystem resilience.
Keywords
Ecological Dynamics, Multiple Scales, System Dynamics, Lag Interference, Ecosystems, Network Topology
